IBM's Open Sentencing project employs AI to identify disparities in sentencing, particularly highlighting that Black individuals face harsher penalties for petty crimes compared to other groups, and delivers these insights through a dashboard designed for public defenders to intervene early in the judicial process. The initiative relies on models trained on federal and state-level data, utilizing the IBM AI Fairness 360 toolkit to benchmark cases, though it encounters challenges in obtaining and standardizing varied court data formats, which complicates scaling efforts.

IBM's AI ethics framework addresses the amplification of biases in algorithms around race, gender, and other factors, as highlighted in the principle of beneficence which aims to prevent harm from prejudiced data. The content also notes instances of discrimination in AI applications, such as Amazon's gender-biased hiring tool and IBM's decision to sunset its facial recognition products to oppose uses like racial profiling and violations of human rights.

IBM views algorithmic bias as a serious issue stemming from systematic errors in machine learning algorithms that produce unfair or discriminatory outcomes, often reflecting or reinforcing existing socioeconomic, racial, and gender biases. This bias can lead to harmful decisions in critical areas like healthcare, law enforcement, and human resources, while also posing legal, financial, and reputational risks to organizations through perpetuated discrimination, inequality, and erosion of trust in AI systems.

IBM's content on environmental justice explains the concept as ensuring equal protection from environmental hazards for all people regardless of race, income, or other factors, while highlighting principles like distributive, procedural, and recognition justice, alongside historical movements driven by people of color and issues like environmental racism. However, the provided material does not detail any specific efforts, initiatives, or actions undertaken by IBM itself in addressing environmental justice, focusing instead on general definitions, injustices, and global examples without referencing IBM's involvement.

IBM's Call for Code for Racial Justice initiative, incubated by the Black community within the company in response to the 2020 #BlackLivesMatter campaign, supports seven open-source projects that use AI to address racial injustice, such as simplifying complex policy information through tools like Legit-Info and detecting bias in documents via TakeTwo. While the program has attracted global volunteers and emphasizes community involvement for social impact, it remains an external effort to IBM, highlighting the company's reliance on external collaboration to advance racial equity through technology.